فصلنامه لسان مبین (پژوهش ادب عرب)
پیاپی 46 (زمستان 1400)

Spiritual intelligence combines spirituality and intelligence within a new structure and provides humanity with a logical application of spiritual skills to search for meaningful and valuable issues. As the basis of human values, beliefs, and actions, SQ enables humans to focus on ontological issues and change living conditions and seek growth and excellence in the face of the realities of life. Robert Emmons (1958), a professor of psychology at the University of California, whose connections to religious and moral issues are prominent in his thoughts, is one of the thinkers of this new theory. Since the poetry of Farouk Shuwaykh (1976), a contemporary Lebanese poet, are all about mysticism and a reflection of Islamic and human truths, the functions and purposes of applying the components of this type of intelligence in the poems of this poet in Emmons' thoughts were the subject of this study. One of the present research results, conducted via a descriptive-analytical method, is that although Shuwaykh did not mention spiritual intelligence in his poems. However, his poems are very flexible in terms of ideological and cognitive dimensions, emotional and voluntary dimensions. Therefore, it reinforces the hypothesis that the subconscious Shuwaykh used the manifestations of this intelligence in his poems. By analyzing his poetry, which follows the teachings of Islam and the Qur'an and has a searching view to solve anthropological problems, it can be inferred that the Shuwaykh’s subconscious employed the mechanisms of spiritual intelligence in his poetry to transcend himself, solve ontological problems, and use the quality of communication with God and man.

Discourse is a product of verbal and nonverbal, thought, cultural actions and represents the interaction of ideologies. In addition to other components as well as complementary nonverbal factors, discourse structure plays a role in determining the meaning of discourse. Then, discourse analysis, as a text analysis method, tries to identify internal layers of its elements and analyze their relationship to attain its profound meaning.Since newspapers narrate the daily life of the people in the society and given the special position of women in the Saudi society and the different opinions about the status and position of Saudi women,the present article tries to evaluate the effect of the ideology of the authors of two articles on the legal status of Saudi women in the 2030 perspective in El-Watan newspaper, based on Van Dyke's theory, with two different approaches.This descriptive-analytical study examines the effect of ideology on discourse emphasizing on Van Dyke's theory and refers to the effect of social context and the author's belief on the text..

With transition from the traditional novel to the modern anti-novel, a number of changes were made, whereby the authors were eager to alter and create new forms and styles, including narrative plurality. In contrast to the individual and unilateral narrative, narrative plurality is used to illustrate the disruption and multiplicity of concepts in today's world. Today, the novelist does not look through a window from a single point of view to give a detailed narrative based on the classical structure, i.e. with an introduction, a middle part and an ending. Rather, they endeavor to produce a work that follows several narratives. However, in order to avoid the risk of appearing as a collection of short stories, the novelist sums them all up in one chapter. A number of factors are involved in the development of such a style, which could give the work a particularly aesthetic appeal if used by the author. This paper investigates the process of narrative plurality and its functions by reviewing the novel of Destinies. In addition, the factors that have led the narrator to choose this style are considered in this paper. The results of the present study show that the plurality of narration in Destinies has been chosen because of its harmonious structure, the multiplicity of its fundamental elements, and its historical and political themes, all of which have resulted in development of qualities such as variation and entertainment, inclusiveness and imbalance . This study has used the descriptive-analytical methodology

Death is a inevitable phenomenon for all living beings as well as human beings and has a vague idea in the human mind. Man has a special attitude and perception towards this concept through thinking and imagination. The concept of disease is also in close interaction with the concept of death and has a causal relationship with it. In cognitive linguistics, it is believed that language, including literary language, is the manifestation of conceptual structures such as metaphors, metaphors, and imaginary schemas in the human mind. In the present paper, an attempt is made to use the descriptive-analytical method and in the framework of cognitive semantic theory to study the conceptualization of death and disease, using the function of imaginary schemas in the novel "La Tariq-a El-al Jannah" 2015 m) The work of Hassan Davood, a Lebanese writer. The results show that the author has used three schemes of volume, movement and force for death and disease, as well as the value scheme for disease and the near-death scheme. Also, the schemas of the field of death and disease form the basis of common conceptual metaphors such as "death and disease are plants", "death and disease are living", "death and disease are places" and so on. The author's negative attitude towards the two domains of death and disease in this novel can be accessed through these schemas and metaphors.

Spiritual intelligence is a type of intelligence combining spirituality and intelligence within a new structure and providing humanity with a logical application of spiritual skills to search for meaningful and valuable issues. As the basis of human values, beliefs, and actions SQ enables human to focus on ontological issues and change living conditions, to seek growth and excellence in the face of the realities of life. Robert Emmons (1958), a professor of psychology at the University of California, whose connections to religious and moral issues are prominent in his thoughts, is one of the thinkers of this new theory. Since the poetry of Farouk Shuwaykh (1976), a contemporary Lebanese poet, are all about mysticism and a reflection of Islamic and human truths, the functions and purposes of applying the components of this type of intelligence in the poems of this poet in Emmons' thoughts were the subject of this study. One of the results of the present research, conducted via a descriptive-analytical method, is that although Shuwaykh did not mention spiritual intelligence in his poems. However, because his poems are very flexible in terms of ideological and cognitive dimensions, emotional dimension, and voluntary dimension.

The post-colonial feminism is a new feministic approach that deals with the cultural, economic and political impacts of colonialism on the women of non-western races in developing countries especially those that were once colonized.Indeed, the approach seeks to question the proclaimed comprehensiveness of the western theory of feminism by addressing the problems and experiences of women in marginal communities The novel Ghadan Youm ol-Jadid (Tomorrow is a New Day) by Abd ol-Hamid Bin Hadouqheh depicts the women’s status during the colonial time by making realistic references to the discriminations against them. The present study is an attempt to examine this issue in the novel through a descriptive-analytic method. The question to answer in this research is ‘How does the novel classify the women in terms of their function?’ and ‘How does the author react to their inferiority?’ As the results show,the women discussed in the novel are either Europeans or natives. The former are a part of colonial policies and look down on the other women. The latter, however, include married women who are passive and quite easy to dominate, as compared to the unmarried. Such women are found responsible for their own inferiority because they help it to take roots. In this regard, Bin Hadouqheh charges the patriarchal society of cooperating with colonizers to oppress women and then asks for the redemption of their rights. He also calls for a change of their situation from the margin to the center on the purpose of granting them a decent identity.